ResearchOnline@ND The University of Notre Dame Australia

Pagina creata da Jacopo Negro
 
CONTINUA A LEGGERE
The University of Notre Dame Australia
                                                                                          ResearchOnline@ND
Theses

2016

'Aiding gli Ebrei' - Delasem under fascism, 1939 to 1945
Laura Bava

                               Follow this and additional works at: http://researchonline.nd.edu.au/theses
                                                    Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons

                                                  COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA
                                                     Copyright Regulations 1969

                                                           WARNING
The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further copying or communication of this material
                                 by you may be the subject of copyright protection under the Act.
                                                    Do not remove this notice.

This dissertation/thesis is brought to you by ResearchOnline@ND. It has
been accepted for inclusion in Theses by an authorized administrator of
ResearchOnline@ND. For more information, please contact
researchonline@nd.edu.au.
Aiding gli Ebrei	
  

Bibliography
	
  
Primary sources

Almansi, Dante, Delasem, Letter to the Italian Jewish communities, ASCER Rome,
       12 December 1939.

Almansi, Dante, Delasem, Letter to the Presidents Italian Jewish communities,
       ASCER Rome, 22 March 1940.

Almansi, Dante, Delasem, Letter Italian Jewish communities, ASCER Rome, 11
       June 1940.

Almansi, Dante, Letter to the Minister of Interior, ASCER Rome, 22 July 1940.

Almansi, Dante, Delasem, Letter to the Italian Jewish communities, ASCER Rome,
       01 August 1940.

Almansi, Dante, Delasem, Letter to the President Jewish Community of Rome,
       ASCER Rome, 09 August 1940.

Ascoli, Aldo, Delasem, Letter to the President Jewish Community of Rome, ASCER
       Rome, 16 August 1940.

Ascoli, Aldo, Delasem, Letter to the Italian Government, ASCER Rome, 05
       September 1940.

Ascoli, Aldo, Delasem, Letter to the Jewish Community of Rome, ASCER Rome, 10
       May 1940.

                                                                                121	
  
Aiding gli Ebrei	
  

Delasem, Attivita’ Assistenziali della Delasem di Roma al Maggio 1946, ASCER
       Rome, May 1946.

Delasem, Letter for aids appeal to Italian Jewish communities, ASCER Rome, 1
       December 1941.

Delasem, Letter to the President Jewish Community of Rome Aldo Ascoli, ASCER
       Rome, 02 August 1940.

Delasem, Letter to the President Jewish Community of Rome Aldo Ascoli, ASCER
       Rome, 07 August 1940.

Delasem, Letter to Delasem office Rome, ASCER Rome, 27 September 1940.

Delasem, Letter to the President Jewish Community of Rome Ugo Foa’, ASCER
       Rome, 17 May 1942.

Delasem, Minutes of Delasem’s meeting Genoa, 8-9th November 1941, ASCER
       Rome.

Delasem, Office Communication Document, ASCER Rome, 17 November 1941.

Delasem, Office Communication Document, ASCER Rome, 9 February 1942.

Delasem, Office Communication Document, ASCER Rome, June 1948.

Gabbai, Salvatore, Delasem, Letter to Delasem office of Rome, ASCER Rome, 08
       August 1940.

Italian Government, Telegram to the Prefectures Offices, ASR, Archivio di Stato di
       Roma, Prefettura, Rome, 19 September 1940.

                                                                                122	
  
Aiding gli Ebrei	
  

Italian Government, Telegram to the Prefectures Offices, ASR, Archivio di Stato di
       Roma, Prefettura, Rome, October 1940.

Italian Jewish community, Letter to the Italian Fascist government, ASCER Rome,
       29 October 1939.

Kalk, Israele, Delasem, Letter to Delasem, ASCER Rome, 17 November 1941.

Kalk, Israele, Letter to Delasem, ASCER Rome, 25 January 1942.

Kalk, Israele, Letter to Delasem, ASCER Rome, March 1942.

Kalk, Israele, Letter to Delasem, ASCER Rome, October 1942.

Minister of Internal Affairs, Letter to Prefectures offices, ASR, Archivio di Stato di
       Roma, Prefettura, Rome, 14 October 1940.

Minister of Internal Affairs, Telegram to Prefectures offices, ASR, Archivio di Stato
       di Roma, Prefettura, Rome, 16 October 1940.

Sorani, Settimo, Delasem, Letter to Jewish Community of Rome, ASCER Rome, 11
       July 1940.

Valobra, Lelio Vittorio, Delasem, Letter to the President of Rome’s Jewish
       Community, ASCER Rome, 03 January 1940.

Valobra, Lelio Vittorio, Delasem, Letter to the Joint, ASCER Rome, 7 June 1943.

Zevi, Giorgio, Delasem, Letter to President of Rome’s Jewish Community, Aldo
       Ascoli, ASCER Rome, 7 June 1940.

                                                                                    123	
  
Aiding gli Ebrei	
  

Photographs

A group of internees play stringed instruments in the Campagna internment camp.
       Walter Wolff is standing second from the right, photo,
       http://idamclient.ushmm.org/PUBLICIMAGES/IDAM_USHMM/Image.aspx?
       qfactor=2&width=800&height=800&crop=0&size=1&type=asset&id=114152
       2 [02 September 2015].

Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini, Rome May 1938,
       http://www.pacificwar.org.au/webgraphics/historicalbackground/Hitler_Musso
       .jpg [05 September 2015].

ASCER (Historical Archives of the Jewish Community of Rome), Rome, July 2012,
       Photo, Author Collection.

Convento dei Cappuccini, Via Sicilia 159, Rome, 1943, Photo,
       http://vaticaninsider.lastampa.it/typo3temp/pics/be1a08c019.jpg [02 March
       2015].

Dante Almansi, President of Delasem Genoa, Photo, https://encrypted-
       tbn2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQaUNCLEcaajKy7VVmum-
       DSg92_VyixKwofFQKWiwSVwJsl-KMy [22 August 2015].

Delasem’s Office, Lungotevere Sanzio, Rome 2012, Photo, Author Collection.

Foreign Jews and local police on the steps of San Bartolomeo Concentration Camp,
       Campagna 1940, photo,
       http://www.italyandtheholocaust.org/siteimages/Photos/21-Main-976623492-
       01-jews-police-on-steps.jpg [04 November 2015].

                                                                                   124	
  
Aiding gli Ebrei	
  

Genoa Port, 1940, Photo,
       http://www.roccadevandro.net/images/emigranti%20partono%20da%20Genov
       a.jpeg [10 September 2015].

Italy signed the armistice with the Allies, Cassibile, 3rd September 1943, Photo,
       http://www.corriere.it/Media/Foto/2011/11/30/cassibile--620x420.jpg [11 July
       2015].

Jewish refugees in Lisbon, Portugal, June 1941, Photo,
       http://www.ushmm.org/lcmedia/photo/lc/image/16/16213.jpg [22 October
       2015].

Joint Distribution Committee representatives, Europe 1945, Photo,
       http://www.ushmm.org/lcmedia/photo/lc/image/02/02617.jpg [22 October
       2015].

Lelio Vittorio Valobra, Vice-President Delasem Genoa, Photo,
       http://www.fondazionevillaemma.org/wp-content/uploads/collage.jpg [12
       September 2015].

Major Jewish communities’ in Italy in 1938, Map adapted from Sarfatti, Michele, Le
       leggi antiebraiche spiegate agli italiani di oggi, Einaudi, Torino, 2002.

Pietro Badoglio, Italian Prime Minister, Italy, September 1943, Photo,
       http://i.res.24o.it/images2010/SoleOnLine5/_Immagini/Notizie/Italia/2013/09/
       Badoglio-olycom-258.jpg?uuid=69ab67d2-188b-11e3-a0d5-d911e77dc1b8 [06
       August 2015].

Pupils and teachers at the camp school, Ferramonti di Tarsia, 1941, Photo,
       http://collections1.yadvashem.org/arch_srika/3001-4000/3390-
       3435/3413_2.jpg [01 September 2015].

                                                                                    125	
  
Aiding gli Ebrei	
  

The location of internment camps in Italy and occupied territories, Map adapted from
       Sarfatti, Le leggi antiebraiche spiegate agli italiani di oggi, Einaudi, Torino,
       2002.

Secondary sources

Antonucci, Silvia, Procaccia, Claudio, Saletti, Luca, Spizzichino Giancarlo, The

         Racial Laws and the Jewish Community of Rome 1938-1945, Gangemi

         Editore, Roma, 2004.

Archivio Storico Della Comunita’ Ebraica di Roma, La Comunita’ Ebraica di Roma

          nel secondo dopoguerra, Economia e societa’ (1945-1965), CCIAA Roma,

          2007.

Bartov, Omer, The Holocaust, Origins, implementation, Aftermath, Routledge

         London and New York, 2000.

Bauman, Zygmunt, Modernity and the Holocaust, Polity Press, Oxford, 1989.

Bertoldi, Silvio, I tedeschi in Italia, Rizzoli, Milano, 1964.

Bettina, Elizabeth, It Happened in Italy, Unfold Stories of how the people of Italy
       Defied the Horrors of the Holocaust, Thomas Nelson Inc., Nashville, 2009.

Blanga, Thaly, Gli ebrei, Xenia Edizioni, Milano, 1999.

Bordoni, Carlo, Cultura e propaganda nell’Italia fascista, G. D’Anna Editrice,
       Messina, 1974.

                                                                                      126	
  
Aiding gli Ebrei	
  

Bosworth, R. J. B., Mussolini’s Italy: Life Under the Fascist Dictatorship, 1915-
       1945, Penguin, London, 2006.

Bosworth, R. J. B., ‘War, Totalitarianism and ‘Deep Belief’ in Fascist Italy’, 1935-
       43, European History Quarterly, Vol. 34 (4), pp. 475- 505. [Accessed from
       JSTOR database May 2016].

Capogreco, Carlo Spartaco, Ferramonti: la vita e gli uomini del piu’ grande campo
       d’internamento fascista (1940-1945), Giuntina, Firenze, 1993.

Capogreco, Carlo Spartaco, I Campi del Duce, l’Intervento civile nell’Italia fascista
       (1940-1943), Einaudi, Torino, 2004.

Capristo, Annalisa, L’espulsione degli ebrei dall’accademia Italiana, Silvio
       Zamorani Editore, Torino, 2002.

Carpi, Daniel, Between Mussolini and Hitler, The Jews and the Italian Authorities in
       France and Tunisia, University Press of New England, Hanover and London,
       1994.

Catalano, Franco & Chieffi, Francesco, La nascita del fascismo (1918-1922), Moizzi
       Editore, Milano, 1976.

Catalano, Franco, L’Italia dalla dittatura alla democrazia 1919-1948, Giangiacomo
       Feltrinelli Editore, Milano, 1975.

Cesari, Maurizio, La censura nel periodo fascista, Liguori Editore, Napoli, 1978.

Ciano, Galeazzo, Ciano’s Diary 1937-1943, Phoenix Press, London, 2002.

Colarizi, Simona, L’Italia antifascista dal 1922 al 1940, Laterza & Figli, Bari, 1976.

                                                                                    127	
  
Aiding gli Ebrei	
  

Collotti, Enzo, Il fascismo e gli ebrei: le Leggi Raziali in Italia, Editori Laterza,
       Roma-Bari, 2008.

Coscarelli, Antonio & Coscarelli, Salvatore, Il diario di Salvatore Coscarelli
       sergente della divisione partigiana ‘Garibaldi’ nei Balcani (1943-1945),
       Editoriale progetto 2000, Cosenza, 2013.

Croce, Benedetto, Storia d’Italia dal 1871 al 1915, Adelphi, Bari, 1991.

Deakin, F. W., The Brutal Friendship: Mussolini, Hitler and the fall of Italian
       Fascism, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, Middlesex, 1962.

Debenedetti, Giacomo, 16 ottobre 1943, Einaudi, Torino, 2001.

De Felice, Renzo, Breve Storia Del Fascismo, Oscar Mondadori, Milano, 2002.

De Felice, Renzo, Storia degli ebrei italiani sotto il fascismo, Einaudi, Torino, 1993.

De Grand, Alexander, ‘ Mussolini’s Follies: Fascism and Its Imperial and Racist
       Phase, 1935 – 1940’, Contemporary European History’ Cambridge University
       Press, Vol. 13(2), May 2004, pp. 127 – 147. [Accessed from JSTOR database
       May 2016].

Di Castro, Daniela, ‘Et ecce gaudium’ Gli ebrei romani e la cerimonia di
       insediamento dei pontefici, Araldo De Luca Editore, Roma, 2010.

Eaton, Henry, The Origins and Onset of the Romanian Holocaust, Wayne State
       University Press, Detroit, 2013.

Egill Brownfeld, Peter, ‘The Italian Holocaust: The Story of an Assimilated Jewish
       Community’, Autumn 2003, http://www.acjna.org/acjna/articles_issues.aspx,
       [19 November 2014].

                                                                                        128	
  
Aiding gli Ebrei	
  

Falbo, Leonardo, Non solo Ferramonti, Ebrei internati in provincia di Cosenza
       (1940-1943), Pellegrini Editore, Cosenza, 2010.

Fattorini, Emma, Hitler, Mussolini and the Vatican, Polity Press, Cambridge, 2011.

Finaldi, Giuseppe, Mussolini and Italian Fascism, Routledge, Oxon, 2014.

Fioravanzo, Monica, Mussolini e Hitler, La Repubblica Sociale sotto il Terzo Reich,
       Donzelli editore, Roma, 2009.

Folino, Francesco, ‘Ferramonti, Il Campo, Gli Ebrei e Gli Antifascisti’, Edizioni La
       Scossa, Roggiano Gravina (CS), 2009.

Gentile, Emilio, ‘Fascism and the Italian Road to Totalitarianism’, The Author
       Journal Compilation, Constellations, Vol. 15 (3), Blackwell Publishing Ltd,
       Oxford, 2008. [Accessed from JSTOR database May 2016].

Gildea, Robert, Wieviorka, Olivier & Warring, Anette, Surviving Hitler and
       Mussolini, Daily Life and Occupied Europe, Berg, Oxford, 2006.

Gilman, Sander L., Jewish Self-Hatred: anti-Semitism and the hidden language of
       the Jews, the Johns Hopkins University Press, London, 1986.

Gordon, Sarah, Hitler, Germans, and the ‘Jewish Question’, Princeton University
       Press, Princeton, 1984.

Gregor, A. James, Mussolini’s Intellectuals: Fascist Social and Political Thought,
       Princeton University Press, 2006.

Guerazzi, Amedeo Osti, Caino a Roma: I complici romani della Shoah, Cooper srl,
       Roma, 2006.

                                                                                     129	
  
Aiding gli Ebrei	
  

Herzer, Ivo, The Italian Refuge: rescue of Jews during the Holocaust, The Catholic
       University of America Press, Washington D.C., 1989.

Hilberg, Raul, The Destruction of the European Jews, Quadrangle Books Inc.,
       Chicago & London, 1961.

JTA The Global Jewish News Source, ‘Fascist regime is Not Unfriendly to Italian
       Jews’, Jewish Telegraphic Agency 2014,
       www.jta.org/1928/02/21/archive/fascist-regime-is-not-unfriendly-to-italian-
       jews, [11 July 2014].

Kirkpatrick, Ivone, Mussolini: A Study in Power, Hawthorn Books, Inc (NYC),1964.

Lopinot, Padre Callisto , La carita’ della Santa Sede nel campo di concentramento di
       Ferramonti, luglio 1941-1944 (ACDEC, Fondo Kalk, VII/2, Milano, p. 2).

Lupoi, Pina, Gaetano Marrari, Maresciallo del Campo di Concentramento
       Ferramonti di Tarsia, Istar Editrice, Reggio Calabria, 2011.

Majanlahti, Anthony & Guerazzi Amedeo Osti, Roma Occupata 1943-1944, Il
       Saggiatore, Milano 2010.

Marrus, Michael R., The Holocaust in History, Weidenfeld & Nicolson,
       London,1988.

Michaelis, Meir, Mussolini and the Jews, German Italian Relations and the Jewish
       Question in Italy 1922-1945, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1978.

Montagna, Marcello, I rifugiati ebrei italiani in Australia e il movimento antifascista
       ‘Italia Libera’ (1942-1946), Istituto Storico Della Resistenza, Cuneo, 1987.

Morgan, Philip, The Fall of Mussolini, Oxford University Press Inc., New York,
       2007.

                                                                                      130	
  
Aiding gli Ebrei	
  

Morley, F. John, Vatican Diplomacy and The Jews During the Holocaust 1939-1943,
       KTAV Publishing House INC, New York, 1980.

Mosely, Ray, Mussolini: the last 600 days of Il Duce, Taylor Trade Publishing,
       Lanham USA, 2004.

Muggeridge, Malcom, Ciano’s Diary, Phoenix Press, London, 2002.

Nilus,Sergiei, The Jewish Peril, Protocols of the Learned Elders Zion, Martino Fine
       Books, Scotts Valley CA USA, 2009.

O’Reilly, Charles, The Jews of Italy, 1938-1945: an analysis of Revisionist Histories,
       McFarland & Company, London, 2005.

O’Reilly, Charles T., The Jews of Italy, 1938-1945, An Analysis of Revisionist
       Histories, McFarland & Company, Inc. Publishers, Jefferson, North Carolina
       & London, 2007.

O’Shea, Paul, ‘Campagna: the Camp, the Bishop and the Archives’, December 2009,
       http://archive.adl.org/interfaith/20091116_articlecampagnathebisho_and_the%
       20archives.pdf [15 April 2015].

Picciotto, Liliana, Il libro della memoria: gli ebrei deportati dall’Italia (1943-1945),
       Mursia, Milano, 1991.

Picciotto, Liliana, L’alba ci colse come un tradimento: gli ebrei nel campo di Fossoli
       1943-1944, Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, Milano, 2010.

Preti, Luigi, Impero fascista, africani ed ebrei, U. Mursia & C., Milano, 1968.

Ravaglioli, Armando, Roma Citta’ Aperta: gli ultimi anni di Guerra dal
       bombardamento di S. Lorenzo alle Fosse Ardeatine, alla Liberazione, Newton
       & Compton Editori s.r.l., Roma, 1996.

                                                                                     131	
  
Aiding gli Ebrei	
  

Reale, Luigi, Mussolini’s Concentration camps for Civilians: an insight into the
       nature of Fascism Regime, Vallentine Mitchell, London, 2011.

Rome Correspondent, ‘Fascist regime is Not Unfriendly to Italian Jews’, Jewish
       Daily Bulletin Jubilee Issue, New York, 21 February 1928, p. 8,
       http://pdfs.jta.org/1928/1928-02-21_1000.pdf, [12 July 2014].

Roth, Cecil, The history of the Jews of Italy, The Jewish Publication Society of
       America, Philadelphia, 1946.

Salvatorelli, Luigi, Sommario della Storia d’Italia dai tempi preistorici ai nostri
       giorni, Einaudi editore s.p.a., Torino, 1974.

Salvemini, Gaetano, The Fascist Dictatorship in Italy, Noble Offset Printers, New
       York, 1955.

Sarfatti, Michele, Le leggi antiebraiche spiegate agli italiani di oggi, Einaudi,
       Torino, 2002.

Sarfatti, Michele, The Jews in Mussolini’s Italy: from equality to persecution, The
       University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, 2006.

Scrivener, Jane, Inside Rome with the Germans, The Macmillan Company, New
       York, 1945.

Stille, Alexander, Benevolence and Betrayal, Five Italian Jews Families Under
       Fascism, Picador, New York, 1991.

Tagliacozzo, Franca, Gli ebrei romani raccontano la ‘propria’ Shoah, Giuntina,
       Firenze, 2010.

Taylor, Alan J.P., Le origini della seconda Guerra mondiale, Editori Laterza, Bari,
       2006.

                                                                                      132	
  
Aiding gli Ebrei	
  

Timms, Edward & Hammel, Andrea, The German-Jewish dilemma: from the
       enlightenment to the Shoah, The Edwin Mellen Press, New York, 1999.

United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, ‘Escape from German occupied
       Europe’, Washington DC, 20 June 2014,
        http:// www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005470, [11 January
       2015].

Venzo, Manola Ida & Migliau, Bice, The Racial Laws and the Jewish Community of
       Rome 1938-1945, Gangemi Editore, Rome, 2003.

Voigt, Klaus, Il rifugio precario: gli esuli in Italia dal 1933 al 1945 volume II, La
       Nuova Italia Editrice, Scandicci (Firenze), 1996.

Walston, James, ‘History and Memory of the Italian Concentration camps, The
       Historical Journal, Vol. 40(1), March 1997, pp. 169-183. [Accessed from
       JSTOR database, September 2013].

Weksler, Nina, Con la Gente di Ferramonti, Mille giorni di una giovane ebrea in un
       campo di concentramento, Editoriale Progetto 2000, Cosenza, 1992.

Wolf, Hubert, Pope and Devil: the Vatican’s Archives and the Third Reich, Harvard
       University Press, London, 2010.

Yahil, Leni, The Rescue of Danish Jewry, The Jewish Publication Society of
       America, Philadelphia, 1983.

Zimmerman, Joshua D., Jews in Italy under Fascist and Nazi Rule 1922-1945,
       Cambridge University Press, New York, 2005.

Zuccotti, Susanna, The Italians and the Holocaust: persecution, rescue and survival,
       Peter Halban, London, 1987.

                                                                                    133	
  
Aiding gli Ebrei	
  

Zuccotti, Susanna, Under his Very Windows: the Vatican and the Holocaust in Italy,
       Yale University Press, London, 2002.

                                                                               134	
  
Puoi anche leggere